SORU: aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız
As one understands from the passage, in informal imperialism, ----.
The term “imperialism” means the process of extending
one nation's control over another; it is a process that
takes many forms. Historians distinguish between “formal
imperialism” and “informal imperialism.” Formal
imperialism is colonialism, and it was exercised by the
Europeans in the past mainly by direct rule: the colonizing
nations annexed territories outright and established their
own governments to subjugate and administer the
peoples of these territories. Sometimes formal imperialism
was exercised through indirect rule: the conquering
nations reached agreements with native leaders and
governed them. There was no single practice of colonial
management, and resistance from the natives forced
colonial powers to shift strategies frequently. As for
“informal imperialism,” it refers to a more subtle and less
visible exercise of power, in which the stronger nation
allows the weaker one to maintain its independence while
reducing its sovereignty. For the Europeans in the past,
informal imperialism took the form of carving out zones of
European sovereignty and privilege, such as treaty ports,
within other countries. Essentially it meant using
European economic, political, and cultural power to get
advantageous treaties or terms of trade. Informal
imperialism was not only common, it played an even more
fundamental role in shaping global power relations in the
18th and 19th centuries.