One point made in the passage is that government assistance programs also result in long-term unemployment because ----.

To fully understand unemployment, one must consider
the causes of recorded long-term unemployment, that
is, the government assistance programs. For one thing,
government assistance increases the measure of
unemployment by prompting people who are not
working to claim that they are looking for work even
when they are not. The work registration requirement
for welfare recipients, for example, compels people who
otherwise would not be considered part of the labour
force to register as if they were a part of it. This
requirement effectively increases the measure of
unemployment in the labour force even though these
people are better described “noemployed” – that is, not
actively looking for work. Similarly, unemployment
insurance induces people to say they are job hunting in
order to collect benefit. These programs also contribute
to long-term unemployment by providing an incentive,
and the means, not to work. Each unemployed person
has a “reservation wage” – the minimum wage he or
she insists on getting before accepting a job.
Unemployment insurance and other social assistance
programs increase the wage, causing an unemployed
person to remain unemployed longer.