SORU: aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız
Which of the following is true about hallucinations?
People have often reported seeing animals, inanimate
objects, and people who have previously died. They
may be ‘ghosts’ or ‘angels’ and some involve quite
complicated scenes or bizarre situations. These are
known as hallucinations. Some visual hallucinations are
silent, but in some, people speak, often directly to the
individual experiencing the hallucination and give them
specific commands. But why do hallucinations occur?
There are a number of psychological explanations for
their occurrence. Freudians see hallucinations as
projections of unconscious wishes or wants. For
example, what a person experiences as “real” in a
hallucination is actually something they felt but could not
express because it was felt subconsciously. Cognitive
psychologists point to problems in cognitive processing,
particularly metacognition, which is concerned with the
understanding of others’ behaviours. However, it is the
biological psychologists who focus most clearly on the
causes. They see hallucinations primarily as deficits in
brain states resulting from damage and chemical
imbalances. They have been able to identify the
chemical processes that lead to hallucinations.
Nevertheless, explaining why a particular individual has
a very particular hallucination remains something of a
mystery.